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17.01.2002, Population Poll

The Russian State

WHEN YOU HEAR THE EXPRESSION "THE RUSSIAN STATE" WHAT KIND OF FEELINGS DOES IT AROUSE: POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE, STRONG OR WEAK?

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS IS CLOSEST TO THE NOTION "STATE": "COUNTRY," "NATION," "POWER," OR NONE OF THE THESE WORDS?

OPEN-ENDED QUESTION: HOW DO YOU PERSONALLY UNDERSTAND THE EXPRESSION "THE RUSSIAN STATE"? WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO YOU?

General Opinion

(% of those surveyed in Russia)

Motherland, Fatherland

43

  • "That is my home, my Fatherland"; "for each Russian, that is the Motherland"; "that is our native mother"; "I was born here, I love it"; "my Motherland, which I would never change for anything"; "that is our land, where we grew up, where the ashes of our ancestors lie."

Russia in general, one united country

11

  • "Russian towns, simply the whole of Russia together as a united, independent country"; "one unified unit, no regional czars"; "solidarity."

Power, force

5

  • "Might"; "force, potency, a great state"; "something great, powerful."

Decline of the country

4

Poverty, devastation

1

  • "A weak, poor state"; "devastation, hunger, unemployment and poverty."

The USSR

1

  • "The Broken Union"; "the loss of everything we had in the USSR."

Lawlessness, disorder

1

  • "Lack of order"; "lawlessness"; "disorder."

Multi-nationalism

2

  • "Society of different nations"; "coexistence of many nations, having common laws and culture."

System of power bodies

1

  • "A political system, which everybody must obey"; "the government, the president"; "the state management."

Normal life

1

  • "Normal living conditions"; "well-being, assuredness in the future."

Big country

1

  • "The biggest state in the world"; "mighty areas"; "the biggest country in Europe."

Protection of citizens' interests

1

  • "Defender of our interests"; "the mechanism of protection, care about the citizens living in it."

Country of Russians

1

  • "This state is a country where Russians live"; "the population of the Russian people is in the majority."

Other

2

  • "The font state, it must be Holy Russia"; "it used to be a monarchy"; "capitalism"; "the main virtue on Earth"; "Moscow and the Moscow region."

No response, wrong responses

31

OPEN-ENDED QUESTION: PLEASE EXPLAIN WHY YOU HAVE THESE FEELINGS WHEN YOU HEAR THE EXPRESSION "THE RUSSIAN STATE"?

General Opinion

(% of those surveyed in Russia)

Positive estimations

40

Love for the Motherland

36

  • "I live in Russia"; "my love for the Motherland"; "here lived my grand- parents and me, I lived and grew older"; "because I'm Russian"; "because I've been given an education and love for Russia"; "whatever Russia is, it is ours, all the same"; "my soul is here"; "because it is ours"; "because of patriotic feelings."

Force, might, greatness

2

  • "Because it is a powerful country"; "Russia is a great, strong and multi-national country"; "although we're in such a condition now, we're a strong state"; "Russia is a great state."

Rich history

1

  • "Pride in the historical past"; "because of the rich history, famous people, achievements"; "I know the history of my country – there is a lot we can be proud of."

Rich country

1

  • "I like its richness"; "a rich country, it can achieve serious success"; "super-state"; "we're still in a rich country."

Negative estimations

17

Pity for Russia

4

  • "There is no pride in the country – it's an affront, Russia is equaled sometimes with the backward countries"; "I'm sorry for the state!"; "It's a pity that a rich country is in a such hole"; "Russia is downtrodden."

Disorder, lawlessness

3

  • "Too much crime, disorder and lawlessness in the country"; "the state doesn't defend the people, there is no fight against crime."

Devastation, decline

3

  • "Because our country is in decline"; "because of the decline of the country"; "the country is ruined, but we want to hope for its restoration"; "our positions have fallen down everywhere – manufacturing has declined."

Low living standards

2

  • "Because people live badly"; "there are many poor people in Russia"; "because we live insufficiently well"; "because of the low material level"; "lack of safety."

Lack of stability, uncertainty in the future

1

  • "There is no assuredness in anything"; "people have lost hope in the future"; "despair"; "children have no future"; "no stability in the state."

Social exposure

1

  • "It doesn't care about people"; "they defend their citizens badly"; "the state gives no guarantees."

The USSR was better

1

  • "We lived better in the USSR"; "I wish the times of the Soviet Union would come back."

Other

1

  • "Busses don't run"; "it is impossible to go to the CIS countries"; "distrust in the government"; "I get mad because of the advertisements and many other things."

Uncertain estimations

3

  • "That depends on the president's work"; "I served in the army"; "a very big country"; "sounds great"; "the usual attitude to one's own country."

No response, wrong responses

40

OPEN-ENDED QUESTION: AND WHAT OTHER WORDS, CLOSE IN MEANING TO THE CONCEPT "STATE," COULD YOU NAME?

General Opinion

(% of those surveyed in Russia)

Motherland, Fatherland

14

  • "Motherland, Fatherland"; "Motherland, our native land"; "my Motherland"; "homeland."

People

6

  • "Nation"; "people"; "the Russian people"; "citizens"; "there is no state without people, whatever government is there"; "Russia as a concept, the residents of its territory"; "society, us."

Country

5

  • "Country, republic, territory."

Power, force

4

  • "Power"; "force"; "potency."

Law, justice

3

  • "Laws"; "order"; "a constitution"; "one law for everybody."

Authority (state)

3

  • "Empire"; "a great state."

Unity

3

  • "Unity"; "union"; "integrity"; "indivisibility."

A president

2

  • "A strong and good president in Russia."

Family

2

  • "Family"; "mother and son."

Rule, authorities

1

  • "Ruling"; "a mechanism for repressing the people"; "dictatorship"; "an institution of power."

Decline, lawlessness

1

  • "Decline, lawlessness"; "ruin"; "lack of rights, lack of laws."

Army

1

  • "A powerful army"; "military forces."

Government

1

  • "The government and those who form it."

Well-being, stability

1

  • "Security"; "well-being"; "stability, calmness about the future"; "big money"; "high economic development."

Protection

1

  • "Protection, guarantees of a safe existence"; "safety."

Freedom, sovereignty

1

  • "Freedom"; "sovereignty"; "that we're independent."

Bureaucracy

1

  • "Bureaucratic system"; "bureaucratizm"; "officials."

Other

2

  • "Courts"; "Golden Ring"; "citadel"; "culture"; "spiritual ideas"; "communism"; "ideology"; "friendship with countries"; "nuclear potential."

No response, wrong responses

48

Nation-wide surveys conducted in 100 residencies in 44 regions, territories and republics. Household interviews January 12-13 2002. A sample size of 1500 respondents.



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